They’re swollen blood vessels of the rectum. The hemorrhoidal veins are located in the lowest area of the rectum and the anus. Sometimes they swell so that the vein walls become stretched, thin, and irritated when you have bowel movements.

Do You Need Surgery?

Surgical hemorrhoidectomy is performed when more conservative treatments fail. Most patients can go home the same day, but the need for catheterization may require an overnight stay.

Patients may expect pain that makes it difficult to sit after surgery. But they can resume normal activities in a few days, and some do so immediately

While surgery is generally reserved for internal hemorrhoids,  thrombosed external hemorrhoids may require prompt attention.